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People dehumanize individuals seeking advice from artificial intelligence (AI), viewing them as less human. This aversion can be reduced by emphasizing AI

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Artificial Intelligence Ethics

Background:

  • Artificial intelligence (AI) is often perceived as lacking human qualities, leading to a preference for human experts.
  • Existing research highlights AI aversion, but the current study investigates aversion toward individuals who use AI for advice-seeking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine how people perceive individuals seeking advice from AI compared to those seeking advice from humans.
  • To understand the role of perceived similarity and AI aversion in dehumanizing AI advice seekers.
  • To explore interventions for mitigating the dehumanization of AI advice seekers.

Main Methods:

  • Eight preregistered studies involving 2,317 participants across various AI use scenarios.
  • Comparative analysis of perceptions of AI advice seekers versus human advice seekers.
  • Mediation analysis to assess the role of perceived similarity and AI aversion.
  • Intervention studies using anthropomorphism to alleviate dehumanization.

Main Results:

  • Participants denied humanness, particularly emotional capacity and human nature traits, to AI advice seekers compared to human advice seekers.
  • Perceived dissimilarity mediated this dehumanization, especially for individuals with higher AI aversion.
  • Dehumanization of AI advice seekers correlated with reduced behavioral support and helping intentions.
  • Anthropomorphism interventions, like highlighting AI's humanlike qualities or using generative AI, successfully reduced dehumanization.

Conclusions:

  • The study advances understanding of AI aversion by focusing on AI users, revealing a tendency to dehumanize them.
  • Perceived dissimilarity and individual AI aversion significantly influence the dehumanization of AI advice seekers.
  • Interventions promoting anthropomorphism can effectively mitigate negative perceptions and support for AI advice seekers.
  • Findings underscore the importance of considering the social implications of AI adoption and user perceptions.