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Poly(L-lactide)/nano-hydroxyapatite piezoelectric scaffolds for tissue engineering.

Angelika Zaszczyńska1, Arkadiusz Gradys1, Dorota Kołbuk1

  • 1Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5B, Warsaw 02-105, Poland.

Micron (Oxford, England : 1993)
|November 12, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study developed bioactive nanofibrous poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) scaffolds with nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) for bone tissue engineering. The addition of nHA and aligned fibers enhanced piezoelectric properties and osteoblast proliferation.

Keywords:
Biodegradable polymersBone tissue engineeringRegenerative medicineScaffoldsSmart medicineTissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Bone tissue engineering demands bioactive materials for enhanced regeneration.
  • Poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) is a promising biomaterial, but its bioactivity and mechanical properties can be improved.
  • Nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) incorporation can enhance the properties of PLLA scaffolds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate and characterize nanofibrous PLLA/nHA composites for bone tissue engineering.
  • To investigate the effect of nHA addition and fiber orientation on the piezoelectric properties of PLLA scaffolds.
  • To evaluate the impact of nHA and fiber arrangement on osteoblast proliferation.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of electrospun PLLA scaffolds with and without nHA, in random and aligned fiber orientations.
  • Surface free energy measurements.
  • Wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) for structural analysis.
  • Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) for thermal properties and crystallinity assessment.
  • Piezoelectric constant (d33) measurements.
  • In vitro cell culture studies with osteoblasts.

Main Results:

  • Nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) increased the surface free energy of PLLA/nHA scaffolds, particularly with aligned fibers.
  • Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) indicated that nHA reduced the molecular mobility and crystallinity of PLLA.
  • The piezoelectric constant (d33) increased with nHA addition and aligned fiber orientation.
  • In vitro tests demonstrated enhanced osteoblast proliferation on PLLA/nHA scaffolds with aligned fibers.

Conclusions:

  • The fabricated PLLA/nHA nanofibrous scaffolds exhibit enhanced piezoelectric properties and bioactivity.
  • Aligned fiber orientation combined with nHA incorporation is beneficial for improving scaffold performance in bone tissue engineering.
  • These composite scaffolds show potential for promoting bone regeneration.