Salivary glucose detection based on platinum metal hydrogel prepared mouthguard electrochemical sensor

A mouthguard electrochemical sensor for salivary glucose detection based on platinum metal hydrogel is proposed in this work. Conventional enzyme-based electrochemical glucose sensors are fraught with issues such as high cost, oxygen dependency, intricate immobilization procedures, and susceptibility to variations in temperature, pH, and so on. The detection of glucose in saliva, as a non-invasive sensing approach, presents a more convenient solution for diabetes monitoring. This study employs Pt metal hydrogel as the electrocatalytic material for glucose, with its microstructure characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The sensor's electrochemical properties, sensing performance, anti-interference capability, and stability were assessed through methods including cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Under neutral pH phosphate buffer (PB) solution in the laboratory setting, the sensor demonstrated an outstanding linear range (0-40 mM) and a low detection limit (0.119 mM). Implemented in a wearable mouthguard format, this electrochemical sensor enables the detection of glucose in physiological environments, specifically saliva, exhibiting favorable detection characteristics: a linear range of 0.58-3.08 mM and a detection limit of 0.082 mM. This innovation thus offers a practical and efficacious tool for the non-invasive monitoring of glucose levels relevant to diabetes management.