Aquagenic urticaria: presentation, diagnosis and management

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Allergology

Background:

• Aquagenic urticaria is a rare condition causing hives upon water contact.
• It presents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, impacting patient quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present a paediatric case of aquagenic urticaria.
• To discuss diagnostic methods and treatment strategies for this condition.

Main Methods:

• Detailed clinical history and water provocation test were used for diagnosis.
• Routine laboratory tests were performed.
• Treatment involved cetirizine, with consideration for adjunctive therapies.

Main Results:

• The patient, a teenage girl, experienced recurrent wheals after water exposure.
• Diagnosis was confirmed by a positive water provocation test.
• Cetirizine provided significant symptomatic relief.

Conclusions:

• Clinical acumen is crucial for diagnosing aquagenic urticaria.
• Antihistamines are primary treatment, but individualized approaches with therapies like omalizumab or UV therapy may be needed.
• Further research into pathophysiology is essential for improved treatments.