Dissecting the epigenetic orchestra of HDAC isoforms in breast cancer development: a review

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Epigenetics
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Breast cancer remains a significant global health challenge, particularly in India, with low survival rates.
• Existing treatments face limitations, including chemoresistance and suboptimal patient outcomes.
• Epigenetic modulators, specifically histone deacetylases (HDACs), are increasingly recognized for their role in cancer development.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive review of the molecular intricacies of HDAC-mediated epigenetic regulation in breast cancer.
• To explore the evolving role and molecular mechanisms of HDACs in breast cancer.
• To evaluate the potential of HDACs as therapeutic targets for improved breast cancer treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of scientific articles and research databases.
• Analysis of molecular mechanisms underlying HDAC function in breast cancer.
• Consolidation of evidence on HDAC overexpression and its correlation with breast cancer progression.

Main Results:

• HDACs are frequently overexpressed in various cancers, including breast cancer, indicating their oncogenic potential.
• HDACs play a crucial role in regulating gene expression, impacting processes critical to cancer development and progression.
• Targeting HDACs and their downstream pathways presents a promising avenue for novel therapeutic interventions.

Conclusions:

• HDACs represent a significant area of research for developing more effective and less invasive breast cancer therapies.
• Understanding HDAC-mediated epigenetic modifications is vital for overcoming chemoresistance and improving patient outcomes.
• This review highlights the need for further research into HDAC inhibitors and their clinical applications in breast cancer.