Can hypoxic exercise retard cellular senescence? A narrative review
Tinghuai Huang1, Charlotte Tsang2, Jianwei Huang3,4
1Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
Summary
Hypoxic exercise may slow cellular senescence, a key factor in aging and disease. Future research should standardize protocols and investigate mechanisms in diverse populations.
Area of Science:
- Cellular Biology
- Exercise Physiology
- Aging Research
Background:
- Cellular senescence, characterized by irreversible cell division arrest, is implicated in aging and chronic diseases.
- Physical exercise is recognized for its anti-aging and disease-prevention benefits.
- Combining exercise with hypoxia may enhance cellular lifespan and optimize anti-aging effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a comprehensive review of existing literature on the effects of hypoxic exercise on cellular senescence.
- To analyze studies examining cellular senescence under various hypoxic exercise conditions.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search was performed across four electronic databases.
- Eligibility criteria included full-text, English-language, peer-reviewed articles investigating hypoxic exercise and cellular senescence.
- Eleven articles were selected from 2033 initial results for detailed data extraction.
Main Results:
- The review included 11 studies with sample sizes ranging from 4 to 60 participants.
- Bicycle ergometers and hypoxia chambers were common exercise modalities, simulating altitudes up to 4460 m.
- Hypoxic exercise demonstrated effects on lymphocytes and erythrocytes, with specific senescence markers like CD28, CD57, and CD47 being analyzed.
Conclusions:
- Hypoxic exercise shows potential in retarding cellular senescence in specific cell types.
- Standardization of hypoxic exercise protocols and senescence markers is crucial for future research.
- Further investigation is needed into optimal exercise parameters, underlying mechanisms, and effects on underrepresented populations (females, patients with diseases).
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