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Lower Limbs Arterial Discrepancy in Poliomyelitis Patients
Sagi Levental1, Isabella Schwartz2, Jonathan Lorber1
1Department of Vascular Surgery, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
The Israel Medical Association Journal : IMAJ
|November 13, 2024
Summary
Poliomyelitis patients with unilateral leg paralysis show different lower limb artery sizes, favoring the stronger leg. This study did not find peripheral artery aneurysms in these patients.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Medicine
- Neurology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Peripheral artery aneurysms are rare (<2% prevalence).
- Case reports suggest a link between poliomyelitis, unilateral leg paralysis, and contralateral peripheral aneurysms.
- The etiology of these aneurysms in polio survivors remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare lower limb arterial diameters in poliomyelitis patients.
- To screen poliomyelitis patients for peripheral aneurysms.
- Investigate potential vascular adaptations in polio survivors.
Main Methods:
- Prospective ultrasound duplex screening of 77 participants (aged >55) with a history of poliomyelitis.
- Comparison between patients with unilateral leg paralysis, bilateral/no paralysis, and healthy controls.
- Measurement of nine lower limb arteries: aorta, iliac, femoral, and popliteal arteries.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in averaged lower limb arterial diameters were observed in poliomyelitis patients, with larger diameters in the stronger leg.
- No peripheral arterial aneurysms were detected in any of the study participants.
- Arterial diameter differences were noted between the affected and unaffected limbs.
Conclusions:
- Poliomyelitis patients with unilateral leg paralysis exhibit asymmetric lower limb arterial diameters, favoring the stronger limb.
- The study did not identify an increased risk of peripheral aneurysms in this cohort.
- Further research is needed to understand the long-term vascular implications in polio survivors.
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