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The Blood-brain Barrier00:49

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A guide for blood-brain barrier models.

Yomna Soliman1,2, Jana Al-Khodor1, Gülnaz Yildirim Köken3

  • 1Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabancı University, Istanbul, Turkey.

FEBS Letters
|November 13, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This review explores blood-brain barrier (BBB) models, highlighting how advanced 3D cell cultures and stem cell technologies improve physiological relevance for studying brain diseases.

Keywords:
blood–brain barriercell‐based BBB modelin vitro BBB modelsneurovascular unit

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is vital for brain homeostasis and understanding brain diseases.
  • Its complex physiology involves intricate cellular and molecular components.
  • Accurate modeling of the BBB is crucial for advancing neurological research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of blood-brain barrier (BBB) physiology.
  • To analyze various in vivo and in vitro BBB models, focusing on recent advancements.
  • To discuss the role of 3D cell culture and stem cell technologies in improving BBB modeling fidelity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on BBB physiology and modeling.
  • Analysis of in vivo and in vitro experimental models.
  • Examination of 3D cell culture techniques and stem cell-derived cellular systems.
  • Evaluation of diverse cell types used in BBB models and their derivation protocols.

Main Results:

  • 3D cell culture techniques under flow conditions significantly enhance BBB model fidelity.
  • Stem cell technologies offer robust cellular systems for creating more accurate BBB models.
  • Diverse cell types and their derivation protocols impact the suitability of BBB models.
  • Improved BBB models better capture physiological conditions for studying health and disease.

Conclusions:

  • Advanced in vitro BBB models, particularly those utilizing 3D cultures and stem cells, are essential for understanding brain health and disease.
  • These improved models facilitate the study of BBB interactions and support clinical development.
  • Continued innovation in BBB modeling is key to unlocking new therapeutic strategies for neurological disorders.