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Updated: Jun 7, 2025
Optimization of a Multiplex RNA-based Expression Assay Using Breast Cancer Archival Material
Published on: August 1, 2018
Pathological precision diagnosis and recent advances in HER2 low and ultralow in breast cancer: a narrative review
1Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
Background And Objective:
The novel antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) analogues are emerging in the field of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) low and ultralow breast cancer, and accurate screening of patients with HER2 low expression poses a serious challenge to both pathological testing processes and diagnostic assessment. The purpose is to provide some suggestions on how to correctly understand HER2 low and ultralow breast cancer.
Methods:
This paper explores the clinicopathological features, immunohistochemical staining and its heterogeneity of HER2 low and ultralow expression breast cancer through literature search.
Key Content And Findings:
This article mainly elaborates on four aspects: the differences in clinical pathological characteristics and prognosis between HER2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) low expression and ultralow expression, which are suitable for screening new detection methods for HER2 ultralow expression and HER2 unstained expression, the heterogeneity of HER2 low expression and ultralow expression, and the factors affecting the pre detection process of HER2 low expression and ultralow expression.
Conclusions:
For the precise pathological diagnosis of HER2 ultralow expression and low expression, further standardization of the definition of HER2 low expression is needed to ensure consistency and accuracy in clinical practice. At the same time, it is recommended to reevaluate the HER2 status in the event of disease recurrence or metastasis, even if the previous test result is HER2-0. On the other hand, it is recommended to further improve and optimize detection techniques and methods, reduce false negatives and false positives, and enhance the sensitivity and specificity of detection.
Insights
Accurate screening for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) low breast cancer is challenging. This review offers insights into understanding HER2 low and ultralow expression for improved pathological diagnosis and treatment strategies.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pathology
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Emerging antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) analogues target human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) low and ultralow breast cancer.
- Accurate screening for HER2 low expression presents significant challenges in pathological testing and diagnostic assessment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide suggestions for correctly understanding HER2 low and ultralow breast cancer.
- To explore clinicopathological features, immunohistochemical staining, and heterogeneity of HER2 low/ultralow expression breast cancer.
Main Methods:
- Literature search was conducted to explore clinicopathological features.
- Analysis of immunohistochemical staining and its heterogeneity in HER2 low and ultralow expression breast cancer.
Main Results:
- Elaboration on differences in clinical pathological characteristics and prognosis between HER2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) low and ultralow expression.
- Discussion of screening methods for HER2 ultralow and unstained expression, heterogeneity, and factors affecting pre-detection.
Conclusions:
- Standardization of HER2 low expression definition is needed for precise pathological diagnosis.
- Reevaluation of HER2 status in recurrence/metastasis and optimization of detection techniques are recommended to reduce errors and enhance accuracy.
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