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Related Experiment Videos

Black thyroid syndrome: exaggeration of a normal process?

S K Landas, R L Schelper, F O Tio

    American Journal of Clinical Pathology
    |April 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Thyroid discoloration, often black, is linked to minocycline. Pigment accumulation, including neuromelanin, is a normal aging process accelerated by minocycline but can occur idiopatically.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pathology
    • Histology
    • Toxicology

    Background:

    • Coal-black thyroid discoloration is typically observed in patients undergoing long-term minocycline treatment.
    • This study investigates thyroid pigments in minocycline-associated black thyroid, idiopathic black thyroid, and normal thyroid glands.

    Observation:

    • Microscopic and spectroscopic analyses were performed on thyroid pigments.
    • A pigment identified as neuromelanin was present in all examined thyroid glands.

    Findings:

    • Neuromelanin, a type of melanin pigment, accumulates in the thyroid gland with age, similar to lipofuscin.
    • Minocycline therapy accelerates pigment accumulation, but this can also occur uncommonly without minocycline exposure.
    • Minocycline-associated pigment was also noted in the substantia nigra and atherosclerotic plaques.

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    Implications:

    • Pigment accumulation is a normal physiological process in the thyroid gland.
    • Minocycline can accelerate thyroid pigment deposition.
    • Understanding these pigments aids in diagnosing thyroid conditions and evaluating drug toxicity.