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Antioxidant and renal protective effects of Nano-selenium on adenine-induced acute renal failure in canines
Mengdi Zhang1, Jindong Gao2, Md F Kulyar3
1Engineering Laboratory for Tarim Animal Diseases Diagnosis and Control/College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
Abstract:
Acute renal failure is a common clinical disease in canines, affecting antioxidant levels and decreasing the body's resistance. This study aims to explore the therapeutic mechanism of Nano-selenium in acute renal failure. The histopathological and imaging changes of kidney tissue were observed with the gene and protein expression levels of Keap1, Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1 in the kidney. According to our findings, adding nano-selenium can effectively reduce the concentration of CRE and BUN in blood and kidney tissues. It increased the activity of GSH-PX and SOD by an effective reduction of MDA. Through pathological and imaging observations, it was found that adding nano-selenium could improve the kidney tissue structure of acute renal failure. The results of the RT-qPCR experiment showed that after the addition of nano-selenium, the mRNA expression of the Keap1 gene decreased significantly. In contrast, the mRNA expression of the Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1 genes increased significantly. The experimental results were further verified by western blot and immunohistochemical analysis. Hence, the nano-selenium intervention improved kidney function and increased antioxidant levels in canines suffering from acute renal failure with the involvement of the Keap1-Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway.
Insights
Nano-selenium effectively treats acute renal failure in dogs by improving kidney function and boosting antioxidant levels. It works by activating the Keap1-Nrf2/ARE pathway, enhancing the body's resistance to disease.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Biochemistry
- Toxicology
Background:
- Acute renal failure (ARF) is a prevalent condition in canines, characterized by impaired kidney function and reduced antioxidant capacity.
- ARF negatively impacts canine health, decreasing their overall resistance to disease and leading to significant clinical complications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of nano-selenium in treating canine acute renal failure.
- To evaluate how nano-selenium influences key biomarkers of kidney function, oxidative stress, and the Keap1-Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway in canine ARF.
Main Methods:
- Histopathological and imaging analyses were performed on kidney tissues to assess structural changes.
- Blood and kidney tissue levels of creatinine (CRE) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were measured.
- Activities of antioxidant enzymes like glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were assessed.
- Gene and protein expression of Keap1, Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1 were analyzed using RT-qPCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry.
Main Results:
- Nano-selenium administration significantly reduced CRE and BUN concentrations in blood and kidney tissues.
- Treatment with nano-selenium increased GSH-PX and SOD activities while decreasing MDA levels, indicating reduced oxidative stress.
- Histopathological and imaging findings demonstrated structural improvements in kidney tissues affected by ARF.
- Nano-selenium significantly downregulated Keap1 mRNA expression and upregulated Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1 mRNA expression, confirmed at the protein level.
Conclusions:
- Nano-selenium demonstrates significant therapeutic potential for canine acute renal failure.
- The mechanism involves the modulation of the Keap1-Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway, leading to enhanced antioxidant defense and improved kidney function.
- Nano-selenium intervention offers a promising strategy to bolster antioxidant levels and improve kidney health in affected canines.
