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Increased prevalence of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome during COVID-19: A propensity score-matched study

Valentina Trimarco1, Raffaele Izzo2, Daniela Pacella3

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences, and Dentistry, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy.

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
|November 13, 2024
PubMed

Insights

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly increased cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome prevalence. Nearly half of patients showed CKM components, with sharp rises in diabetes and prediabetes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology
  • Metabolic Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The American Heart Association introduced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome.
  • CKM syndrome highlights the link between heart, kidney, and metabolic diseases.
  • Understanding pandemic's impact on CKM syndrome is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare CKM syndrome component prevalence before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • To identify risk factors associated with CKM syndrome during the pandemic.
  • To analyze age-specific trends in CKM syndrome prevalence.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized real-world data from a primary care database (2017-2022).
  • Included 81,051 individuals, with propensity-score matching for pre-pandemic and pandemic periods.
  • Analyzed prevalence of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, and prediabetes.

Main Results:

  • Significant increases in hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obesity prevalence during the pandemic.
  • Type 2 diabetes diagnoses nearly doubled, and prediabetes rose by 170%.
  • Prevalence of CKM syndrome components increased substantially, affecting nearly half of patients.

Conclusions:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic is associated with a marked increase in CKM syndrome prevalence.
  • Age is a significant factor, with older individuals bearing a higher burden.
  • Findings underscore the need for targeted interventions for CKM syndrome.

Keywords:
CKM SyndromeCOVID-19Cardiometabolic SyndromeDiabetes MellitusPre-diabetesPublic HealthSARS-CoV-2

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