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Entanglement and iSWAP gate between molecular qubits.

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Researchers demonstrated a two-qubit iSWAP gate using trapped sodium cesium (NaCs) molecules, a key step for molecular quantum computing. This work paves the way for using molecules as qubits with high fidelity.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Atomic and Molecular Physics
  • Quantum Computing

Background:

  • Trapped polar molecules are promising for quantum computing due to scalability and strong interactions.
  • While molecular qubits show promise, universal two-qubit gates have not been demonstrated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To implement a universal two-qubit gate using trapped polar molecules.
  • To demonstrate the iSWAP gate with individually trapped NaCs molecules.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized intrinsic molecular resources of NaCs molecules for a two-qubit iSWAP gate.
  • Interacted molecules for 664 μs at a 1.9 μm distance to create entanglement.
  • Identified and utilized non-interacting hyperfine states for qubit encoding and interaction toggling.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a maximally entangled Bell state with 94(3)% fidelity using NaCs molecules.
  • Identified motion-rotation coupling as a primary source of decoherence.
  • Verified the iSWAP gate performance by measuring its logical truth table.

Conclusions:

  • Demonstrated the first universal two-qubit gate with polar molecules, specifically an iSWAP gate.
  • The results highlight the potential of NaCs molecules as a platform for quantum computation.
  • Addressing decoherence from motional states is crucial for future advancements in molecular quantum computing.