Identification and characterization of novel ferroptosis-related genes in acute myocardial infarction

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a leading cause of death and morbidity worldwide. Ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death, plays a critical role in modulating immune functions during AMI. This study aimed to identify ferroptosis-related hub genes that could serve as potential therapeutic targets in the progression of AMI.

Bioinformatics was used to identify overlapping genes associated with ferroptosis and the infiltration of 22 immune cells by Cell-type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcript (CIBERSORT) analysis. The expression of ferroptosis-related genes in AMI was validated across independent datasets, clinical samples, and in vitro cellular experiments. The predictive value for heart failure was evaluated in the first dimension of principal component analysis (PCA) using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.

The study identified 11 key ferroptosis-related genes significantly correlated with immune cell abundance. CIBERSORT analysis highlighted immune dysregulation in AMI. JDP2, DUSP1, TLR4, NFS1, and SLC1A5 were identified as potential biomarkers for AMI progression. Additionally, JDP2, DUSP1, and DDIT4 demonstrated strong predictive value for long-term heart failure.

This study highlights the potential association of ferroptosis-related genes with the pathogenesis of AMI, suggesting a role in the molecular mechanisms that may underlie acute coronary events.