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Updated: May 11, 2026

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Real-time ghost image characterization for panoramic annular lenses.

Yiqi Liao, Fang Ke, Yiru Pan

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    |November 14, 2024
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    Summary

    A new algorithm accurately identifies ghost images in panoramic annular lenses (PAL). This real-time analysis method aids in optical design to suppress unwanted stray light and improve imaging performance.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Engineering
    • Image Analysis
    • Stray Light Mitigation

    Background:

    • Ghost images are a significant source of stray light in catadioptric optical systems.
    • These ghost images degrade the performance of critical optical devices like panoramic annular lenses (PAL).

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a versatile and robust real-time algorithm for characterizing ghost images in PAL systems.
    • To introduce a novel index for quantifying ray behavior to improve ghost image analysis.

    Main Methods:

    • The algorithm utilizes newly extracted common features and numerical methods tailored for PAL systems.
    • Representative rays are identified to enable rapid evaluation of ghost image characteristics.
    • The method is designed for high reliability, capable of characterizing any ghost image, even if absent.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed algorithm provides near-instantaneous evaluation, suitable for real-time optical design processes.
    • Demonstrated ability to analyze ghost image behaviors effectively.
    • Successfully applied to achieve PAL designs with suppressed ghost images.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed algorithm offers a powerful tool for real-time ghost image analysis and suppression in PAL systems.
    • The method shows potential for extension to other catadioptric systems and broader optical applications.