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Decrease in walking ability with increased functional connectivity between multiple brain areas in Parkinson's

Jin Wang1,2, Jiewei Lu3, Yue Wang2

  • 1Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
|November 14, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) show altered brain connectivity during walking. Increased functional connectivity in specific brain regions may offer targets for treating PD gait disturbances.

Keywords:
Parkinson’s diseasefNIRSfunctional connectivitygaitpremotor cortex

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Movement Disorders
  • Brain Imaging

Background:

  • Gait disturbances are a major challenge for individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD), significantly impacting mobility and quality of life.
  • Understanding the cortical mechanisms behind these gait issues is crucial for developing effective interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare functional connectivity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), premotor cortex (PMC), and primary somatosensory cortex (PSC) during walking between PD patients and healthy controls.
  • To investigate the relationship between brain activity, functional connectivity, and gait performance in PD.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized mobile functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to measure oxyhemoglobin concentration changes during walking in 30 PD patients and 22 healthy controls.
  • Assessed functional connectivity by computing interaction strengths between fNIRS channels in the PFC, PMC, and PSC regions.
  • Measured gait parameters including walking speed and stride length.

Main Results:

  • PD patients exhibited significantly reduced walking speed and stride length compared to controls.
  • While within-region connectivity showed no significant differences, the PD group displayed stronger inter-regional functional connectivity between PFC, PMC, and PSC regions.
  • Positive correlations were observed between gait performance and functional connectivity within the right premotor cortex (RPMC) and between the RPMC and the right primary somatosensory cortex (RPSC).

Conclusions:

  • Individuals with PD in the off-state present with gait disturbances and heightened functional connectivity in sensorimotor and motor-related brain areas.
  • Targeting and potentially strengthening functional connectivity within the RPMC and between the RPMC and RPSC could be a promising therapeutic strategy for PD-related gait impairments.