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Accelerated biological aging: unveiling the path to cardiometabolic multimorbidity, dementia, and mortality

Yi He1, Yu Jia2, Yizhou Li2,3

  • 1Department of Neurology, Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.

Frontiers in Public Health
|November 14, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Accelerated biological aging significantly increases the risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM), dementia, and mortality. Maintaining healthy cardiovascular metrics may help counteract age acceleration and its adverse health outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) and aging are significant public health challenges.
  • CMM involves the coexistence of multiple cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) such as stroke, ischemic heart disease, and diabetes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between biological aging and the progression of CMM towards dementia and mortality.
  • To examine the role of accelerated biological aging in the development of cardiometabolic diseases and their long-term health consequences.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the UK Biobank cohort, including 415,147 individuals.
  • Calculated biological age using KDM-BA and PhenoAge algorithms to identify accelerated aging.
  • Employed fully-adjusted Cox regression models to analyze risks over an 11-year follow-up period.

Main Results:

  • Accelerated aging was linked to significantly higher risks of developing CMD, CMM, dementia, and mortality.
  • Individuals with accelerated aging showed increased hazard ratios for CMM, dementia, and mortality, both from a CMD-free state and with existing CMD.
  • Cardiometabolic multimorbidity partially mediated the effect of accelerated aging on dementia and mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Biological aging encompasses the progression from cardiometabolic disease-free status to CMM, dementia, and death.
  • The Life's Essential 8 score presents a potential target for interventions aimed at mitigating age acceleration and its associated health risks.
Abstract

Keywords:
biological agingcardiometabolic diseasescardiometabolic multimorbiditydementiadisease trajectorymortality

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