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ASSESSMENT OF THROMBOSPONDIN-1 IN SICKLE CELL VASOOCCLUSIVE CRISIS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH PLATELET INDICES AND

I T Lawrence1, B Augustine1, A I Mamman1

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Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) levels are elevated in sickle cell vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC), indicating its potential as a biomarker. TSP-1 also correlates with platelet indices and inflammation in sickle cell anaemia (SCA) patients.

Keywords:
InflammationPlatelet IndicesSickle Cell DiseaseThrombospondin-1Vaso-occlusive Crisis

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Biochemistry
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) is a platelet protein elevated during inflammatory conditions.
  • Sickle cell vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC) involves significant inflammation and increased TSP-1.
  • Understanding TSP-1's role in sickle cell anaemia (SCA) is crucial for identifying biomarkers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate TSP-1 levels in SCA patients.
  • To assess the relationship between TSP-1 levels, platelet indices, and inflammation in SCA.
  • To identify potential biomarkers for VOC episodes.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study in North Western Nigeria (July-December 2022).
  • Included 120 participants: 80 SCA patients (40 VOC, 40 steady state) and 40 healthy controls (HbAA).
  • TSP-1 measured by ELISA; haematological parameters by automated analyzer; data analyzed using ANOVA and logistic regression.

Main Results:

  • Mean TSP-1 levels were significantly higher in VOC patients (406.0 ng/mL) than steady-state SCA patients (312.4 ng/mL) and controls (192.3 ng/mL) (p < 0.001).
  • In steady-state SCA, TSP-1 negatively correlated with mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet-large cell ratio (P-LCR) (p=0.02).
  • White blood cell count (WBC) was the sole predictor of TSP-1 variability (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Elevated TSP-1 during VOC suggests its utility as a crisis biomarker.
  • TSP-1's association with platelet indices in steady-state SCA indicates a role in platelet activation.
  • WBC is a key predictor of TSP-1 variability, highlighting the impact of inflammation on TSP-1 levels.