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Updated: Jun 7, 2025
Antimicrobial Characterization of Advanced Materials for Bioengineering Applications
Published on: August 4, 2018
New emerging materials with potential antibacterial activities
Hadeer M Bedair1, Mahmoud Hamed2,3, Fotouh R Mansour4
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6Th of October City, Egypt.
Abstract:
The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant pathogens is a critical public health issue, necessitating the development of alternative antibacterial agents. Examples of these pathogens are methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and the emergence of "pan-resistant" Gram-negative strains, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii, which occurred more recently. This review examines various emerging materials with significant antibacterial activities. Among these are nanomaterials such as quantum dots, carbon quantum dots, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), and layered double hydroxides, all of which demonstrate excellent antibacterial properties. Interestingly, including antibacterial agents within the structure of these materials can help avoid bacterial resistance and improve the long-term efficacy of the materials. Additionally, the antibacterial potential of liquid solvents, including ionic liquids and both deep eutectic solvents and natural deep eutectic solvents, is explored. The review discusses the synthesis methods, advantages, and antibacterial efficacy of these new materials. By providing a comprehensive overview of these innovative materials, this review aims to contribute to the ongoing search for effective solutions to combat antibiotic resistance. Key studies demonstrating antibacterial effects against pathogens like Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and multidrug-resistant strains are summarized. MOFs have exhibited antibacterial properties through controlled ion release and surface interactions. COFs have enhanced the efficacy of encapsulated antibiotics and displayed intrinsic antibacterial activity. Other nanomaterials, such as quantum dots, have generated reactive oxygen species, leading to microbial inactivation. This review aims to provide insights into these new classes of antibacterial materials and highlight them for addressing the global crisis of antibiotic resistance. KEY POINTS: • Nanomaterials show strong antibacterial effects against drug-resistant bacteria • Emerging solvents like ionic liquids offer novel solutions for bacterial resistance • MOFs and COFs enhance antibiotic efficacy, showing promise in combating resistance.
Insights
Novel nanomaterials and solvents show promise in combating antibiotic resistance. These materials, including metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and quantum dots, offer new strategies against drug-resistant bacteria.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Nanotechnology
- Microbiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Rising multidrug-resistant pathogens (e.g., MRSA, pan-resistant Gram-negatives) pose a critical public health threat.
- Existing antibiotics are becoming less effective, driving the need for novel antibacterial strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review emerging materials with significant antibacterial activities.
- To explore the potential of nanomaterials and novel solvents in combating antibiotic resistance.
- To summarize synthesis methods, advantages, and antibacterial efficacy of these innovative materials.
Main Methods:
- Review of scientific literature on antibacterial nanomaterials and solvents.
- Analysis of studies demonstrating antibacterial effects against key pathogens.
- Discussion of material properties, synthesis, and mechanisms of action.
Main Results:
- Nanomaterials like quantum dots, MOFs, COFs, and layered double hydroxides exhibit potent antibacterial properties.
- Incorporating antibacterial agents into material structures can prevent resistance and enhance long-term efficacy.
- Ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents show potential as novel antibacterial agents.
Conclusions:
- Emerging nanomaterials and solvents offer promising alternatives to conventional antibiotics.
- MOFs and COFs demonstrate enhanced antibiotic efficacy and intrinsic antibacterial activity.
- These innovative materials are crucial for addressing the global crisis of antibiotic resistance.
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