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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2025

A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance
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Decrease in decision noise from adolescence into adulthood mediates an increase in more sophisticated choice

Vanessa Scholz1,2, Maria Waltmann1,3, Nadine Herzog3,4

  • 1Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Centre of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.

Plos Biology
|November 14, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adolescent decision-making shows increased noise, impacting sophisticated choices. This decision noise, a measure of suboptimal choices, mediates developmental changes in learning and behavior, offering insights into psychiatric disease onset.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Computational Psychiatry

Background:

  • Adolescence is a critical period for developmental changes in learning and decision-making.
  • Adolescents exhibit heightened decision noise, leading to suboptimal choices.
  • The relationship between decision noise and the development of specific choice behaviors remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between decision noise and specific choice behaviors during development.
  • To determine if age-dependent changes in decision noise mediate the development of sophisticated choice processes.
  • To explore the cross-task generalization of computational parameters related to decision noise.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized three reinforcement learning (RL) tasks: a motivational Go/NoGo task, a reversal learning task, and a sequential choice task.
  • Examined 93 participants aged 12 to 42 years.
  • Analyzed computational parameters, focusing on decision noise and its mediation effects on choice behaviors.

Main Results:

  • Decision noise levels were strongly correlated across different RL tasks.
  • Decision noise significantly mediated age-dependent increases in sophisticated choice behaviors and performance.
  • Findings highlight the crucial role of general noise level changes in specific choice development.

Conclusions:

  • Decision noise plays a vital role in the developmental trajectory of sophisticated decision-making components.
  • Understanding the neurocomputational mechanisms of noise is key to comprehending developmental changes in decision-making.
  • This research offers insights into the developmental origins of psychiatric disorders.