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Updated: Jun 7, 2025
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Allergic diseases and T2DM: a bidirectional multivariable Mendelian randomization study and mediation analysis
Shukun Zhan1, Jinhua Chen2, Lingxue Wei1
1Department of Pediatrics, The Third Affiliated People's Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, China.
Summary
Asthma increases type 2 diabetes risk, while allergic rhinitis offers protection. Lung function and monocyte levels mediate this relationship, suggesting new therapeutic targets for allergic disorders and diabetes.
Area of Science:
- Genetics and Epidemiology
- Immunology
- Metabolic Disorders
Background:
- Observational studies suggest a link between allergic diseases and diabetes.
- The exact causal relationship between these conditions is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the causal relationship between allergic disorders (asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis) and type 2 diabetes using Mendelian randomization.
- To identify potential mediating factors in the asthma-type 2 diabetes association.
Main Methods:
- Two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization analyses were performed.
- Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for allergic conditions and type 2 diabetes were utilized.
- Univariate and multivariate Mendelian randomization, alongside mediation analysis, were employed.
Main Results:
- Asthma was found to genetically increase the risk of type 2 diabetes (β=0.892, p=0.018).
- Allergic rhinitis showed a protective effect against type 2 diabetes (β=-1.333, p=0.042).
- Lung function and monocyte percentage were identified as inhibitory mediators between asthma and type 2 diabetes.
Conclusions:
- Asthma is a significant risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes.
- Lung function and monocyte percentage play a role in mediating the link between asthma and type 2 diabetes.
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