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Associations between School-Based Vision Program Outcomes and School Characteristics in 410 Schools
Medha Kallem1, Xinxing Guo2, Xi Dai3
1Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Ophthalmology
|November 14, 2024
Summary
School-based vision programs (SBVPs) are crucial for pediatric vision care access. Higher student socioeconomic disadvantage correlates with increased vision care needs, highlighting the importance of targeted resource allocation in SBVPs.
Area of Science:
- Public health
- Ophthalmology
- Pediatric healthcare
Background:
- School-based vision programs (SBVPs) are essential for addressing disparities in pediatric vision care access.
- These programs deliver vision services directly to students within the school environment.
- Understanding the impact of school characteristics on SBVP outcomes is critical for optimizing care delivery.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the associations between school-level characteristics and the outcomes of school-based vision programs.
- To identify factors influencing vision screening failure, eyeglasses prescription, and referral rates within SBVPs.
- To inform resource allocation strategies for maximizing the effectiveness of SBVPs.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cross-sectional data analysis of 410 public schools.
- Utilized data from Helen Keller International's United States Vision Program (2016-2022).
- Employed fractional regression models to analyze associations between SBVP outcomes and school socioeconomic/demographic data (e.g., free/reduced-price meal eligibility, race/ethnicity, English language learner status).
Main Results:
- Higher rates of vision screening failure and eyeglasses prescriptions were observed in high schools compared to elementary schools.
- Increased proportion of students qualifying for free and reduced-price meals (FARM) was significantly associated with higher rates of screening failure, eyeglasses prescriptions, and referrals.
- A 10% increase in FARM-eligible students correlated with a 2.6% rise in screening failure, 1.8% in prescription rates, and 0.86% in referral rates.
Conclusions:
- Public schools, particularly those serving students from lower socioeconomic backgrounds, exhibit substantial vision care needs.
- SBVPs play a vital role in enhancing access to pediatric vision care.
- Findings suggest optimizing SBVP resource allocation based on school-specific needs to improve program impact.
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