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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2025

Generation of 3D Whole Lung Organoids from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Modeling Lung Developmental Biology and Disease
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Lung development genes, adult lung function and cognitive traits.

Mohammad Talaei1, Sheena Waters1, Laura Portas2,3

  • 1Centre for Preventive Neurology, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.

Brain Communications
|November 15, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Higher lung function is linked to better cognitive function and lower dementia risk. Genetic analysis revealed shared variants in four genes, but findings did not support shared developmental pathways explaining this association.

Keywords:
cognitive functiondementiageneslung functionshared development

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Neuroscience
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Lower lung function correlates with cognitive decline and increased dementia risk.
  • Shared developmental pathways are a potential, yet unproven, explanation for this association.
  • UK Biobank data provides a large cohort for investigating lung function and cognitive traits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between lung function and cognitive traits in a large UK Biobank cohort.
  • To explore shared genetic signals between lung function and cognitive traits at 55 key developmental genes.
  • To test the hypothesis that shared developmental pathways underlie the lung function-cognitive function link.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of lung function measures (forced vital capacity, FEV1/FVC ratio) and cognitive test scores in UK Biobank participants.
  • Derivation of genetic summary statistics for 55 lung development genes.
  • Bayesian co-localization analysis to identify shared genetic signals between lung function and cognitive traits.

Main Results:

  • Higher lung function generally associated with better cognitive performance and reduced dementia risk.
  • Shared genetic variants were identified in four genes (CSNK2B, NFATC3, PTCH1, KAT8) between lung function and cognitive traits.
  • The direction of genetic effects did not support the hypothesis of shared developmental pathways; distinct variants were also found.

Conclusions:

  • While shared genes and variants exist, the study does not support shared developmental pathways as the primary explanation for the association between lower lung function and poorer cognitive function.
  • Distinct genetic variants influence lung function and cognitive traits, suggesting complex underlying mechanisms.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the intricate relationship between respiratory health and cognitive function.