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Circulating inflammatory cytokines predict severity disease in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A prospective

Barbara Polese1, Marie Ernst2, Monique Henket1

  • 1Pneumology Department, University Hospital of Liège and University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.

Journal of Infection and Public Health
|November 15, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Elevated inflammatory cytokines like CXCL10, IL-4, IL-6, and MCP-1 in COVID-19 patients predict intensive care unit (ICU) admission and in-hospital mortality, highlighting their role in disease severity.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • COVID-19 pandemic strained global healthcare systems, necessitating intensive care resources.
  • A need exists for accessible biomarkers to predict severe COVID-19 disease.
  • This study aimed to identify biomarkers for predicting ICU admission and mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Identify biomarkers predicting intensive care unit (ICU) admission in COVID-19 patients.
  • Identify biomarkers predicting in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients.
  • Investigate the association between specific cytokines and COVID-19 disease severity.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective multicenter study involving COVID-19 PCR-positive patients in Belgium and Italy.
  • Blood samples collected at hospital admission; 20 potential biomarkers measured using Luminex technology.
  • Logistic regression models used to identify biomarkers associated with disease severity.

Main Results:

  • Elevated circulating inflammatory cytokines correlate with COVID-19 disease severity.
  • CXCL10, IL-4, IL-6, and MCP-1 levels predicted ICU admission.
  • Elevated IL-6 and MCP-1 levels were associated with in-hospital mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated and correlated inflammatory cytokines at hospital admission predict COVID-19 severity.
  • These findings suggest SARS-CoV-2 infection induces dysregulated inflammation.
  • Biomarkers like IL-6 and MCP-1 may aid in early risk stratification for severe COVID-19.
Abstract

Keywords:
BiomarkerCOVID-19CytokinesDisease severity

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