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Autonomic dysfunction in long-standing alcoholism.

E Matikainen, J Juntunen, T Salmi

    Alcohol and Alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire)
    |January 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

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    This study found that male alcoholics often have reduced parasympathetic nervous system function, indicated by heart rate and blood pressure changes. Sympathetic nervous system functions remained normal in the studied alcoholic patients.

    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Autonomic Nervous System Function
    • Alcohol-Related Neuropathy

    Background:

    • Alcohol abuse is a significant cause of neurological damage.
    • Peripheral sensory-motor and autonomic neuropathy are common complications of chronic alcoholism.
    • Understanding the specific impact on the autonomic nervous system is crucial for patient management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate peripheral sensory-motor and autonomic neuropathy in male alcoholics.
    • To assess autonomic nervous system function using various physiological tests.
    • To differentiate between mild abnormalities and frank polyneuropathy.

    Main Methods:

    • Neurological and neurophysiological examinations were performed on 28 male alcoholics post-withdrawal.

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  • Autonomic nervous system function was evaluated through heart rate variability, Valsalva maneuver, postural reactions, and isometric tests.
  • Comparison with control groups was implied for assessing abnormalities.

    • Main Results:

    • Slight peripheral nervous system abnormalities were noted in 8 patients; only 2 had diagnosed polyneuropathy.
    • Alcoholics showed significantly lower parasympathetic nervous system function compared to controls.
    • Heart rate variation at rest and postural pulse reaction were the most sensitive indicators of parasympathetic dysfunction.

    Conclusions:

    • Chronic alcoholism significantly impairs parasympathetic nervous system function, even without overt polyneuropathy.
    • Autonomic neuropathy, particularly parasympathetic dysfunction, is a key neurological consequence of alcoholism.
    • Early detection of autonomic dysfunction may aid in managing alcohol-related neurological complications.