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Mendelian randomization analyses support causal relationships between gut microbiome and longevity.

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This study used Mendelian Randomization to explore gut microbiome links to longevity. Certain bacteria and metabolic pathways show significant associations, suggesting a role in human lifespan.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genetics
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Gut microbiome alterations are linked to aging.
  • The precise causal relationship between gut microbiota and human longevity is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causal associations between gut microbiome composition and human longevity using Mendelian Randomization.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis data for both gut microbiome (MiBioGen, Dutch Microbiome Project, German, and Finnish individuals) and longevity traits (healthspan, longevity, lifespan, parental longevity, frailty).
  • Applied Mendelian Randomization (MR) to assess causal relationships.

Main Results:

  • Identified negative associations between Bacteroides massiliensis and longevity.
  • Found positive associations for Subdoligranulum, Alistipes, Alistipes senegalensis, and Alistipes shahii with longevity traits.
  • Highlighted microbial pathways like coenzyme A biosynthesis I, pyruvate fermentation, and pentose phosphate pathway positively associated with longevity traits.
  • Observed a negative correlation between the TCA cycle VIII (helicobacter) pathway and lifespan/parental longevity.

Conclusions:

  • The study establishes significant associations between specific gut microbes and pathways with human longevity.
  • These findings suggest that certain gut microbial taxa and metabolic pathways may influence lifespan and potentially play a protective role in aging.