Management of Hammer Toe Deformities Using Percutaneous Surgical Techniques

Area of Science:

• Orthopedics
• Podiatry
• Surgical Anatomy

Background:

• Hammer toe deformity is a prevalent condition affecting lesser toes.
• It results from muscular imbalance, plantar plate issues, and neuromuscular disorders.
• This leads to characteristic joint flexion and extension deformities.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the anatomy, etiology, and management of hammer toe deformity.
• To discuss percutaneous surgical techniques for hammer toe correction.
• To present a treatment algorithm for hammer toe management.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of hammer toe deformity.
• Discussion of diagnostic methods including clinical examination and imaging (radiography, MRI).
• Overview of percutaneous surgical techniques and a proposed treatment algorithm.

Main Results:

• Etiology involves complex biomechanical and neuromuscular factors.
• Diagnosis relies on thorough clinical assessment and imaging.
• Percutaneous surgery offers a minimally invasive approach to correction.

Conclusions:

• Effective management of hammer toe requires understanding its multifaceted etiology.
• Percutaneous surgical techniques provide viable treatment options.
• A structured treatment algorithm aids in clinical decision-making for hammer toe deformity.