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Marisa Fiordelisi¹, Simona Masucci¹, Alessandra Bianco¹

¹Azienda Ospedaliera Ordine Mauriziano di Torino.

Recenti Progressi in Medicina

|November 17, 2024

Summary

ChatGPT can quickly screen herbal-drug interactions (HDIs), but expert review is crucial. While 16% of potential HDIs were unlikely, many suggested mechanisms and sources were inaccurate, highlighting AI

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Area of Science:

Artificial Intelligence in Pharmacology
Clinical Decision Support Systems
Herbal-Drug Interactions

Context:

Herbal-drug interactions (HDIs) pose significant risks, impacting drug efficacy and patient safety.
Clinical pharmacists require efficient tools to identify potential HDIs.
Limited resources currently exist for comprehensive drug interaction screening.

Purpose:

To evaluate ChatGPT's utility in identifying potential herbal-drug interactions (HDIs).
To assess the accuracy of ChatGPT's pharmacokinetic mechanisms and bibliographic sources for HDIs.
To explore AI's role in enhancing clinical decision-making for patients on complex medication regimens.

Summary:

ChatGPT 3.5 was used to screen 80 herbal substances in supplements for potential HDIs with capecitabine in a rectal adenocarcinoma patient.

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The AI identified 16% of interactions as unlikely, but 73% of mechanisms were false positives and sources were often outdated or unavailable.

Oncology clinical pharmacist review confirmed ChatGPT's speed in data processing but highlighted limitations in accuracy and data currency.

Impact:

AI tools like ChatGPT can assist in initial screening of numerous herbal-drug interactions, improving efficiency.
Expert clinical validation remains essential to mitigate inaccuracies and 'hallucinations' from AI-generated data.
Further AI development is recommended for pharmacovigilance, with emphasis on data accuracy and access to current databases.