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Related Concept Videos

Desensitization and Tachyphylaxis01:20

Desensitization and Tachyphylaxis

3.4K
Tachyphylaxis is described as a rapid decrease in response to a drug after repeated or continuous administration of the same drug dose. It is a phenomenon where the body becomes less responsive to a particular substance or intervention over time, requiring higher doses or stronger interventions to achieve the same effect. It results from adaptive changes in the body's receptors, signaling pathways, or physiological processes that occur in response to prolonged exposure to a stimulus.
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B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

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The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

Basophil Activation Test for Investigation of IgE-Mediated Mechanisms in Drug Hypersensitivity
10:22

Basophil Activation Test for Investigation of IgE-Mediated Mechanisms in Drug Hypersensitivity

Published on: September 16, 2011

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Defining Optimal Basophil Passive Sensitisation Parameters.

Santiago Alvarez-Arango1,2, Melanie C Dispenza1, Kristin L Chichester1

  • 1Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Clinical and Experimental Allergy : Journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|November 18, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Optimizing basophil activation tests improves drug-specific IgE detection for hypersensitivity diagnosis. This study provides guidelines for basophil sensitization, enhancing diagnostic accuracy for drug allergies.

Keywords:
FcεRIIgE‐mediated basophil activationantigen‐specific IgE‐to‐total IgE ratiobasophil passive sensitisation functional assaybasophilsfactors influencing basophil responsevariability in basophil responses

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Last Updated: May 3, 2026

Basophil Activation Test for Investigation of IgE-Mediated Mechanisms in Drug Hypersensitivity
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Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis
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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergy Diagnostics
  • Cellular Assays

Background:

  • Accurate diagnosis of immediate drug-induced hypersensitivity reactions relies on detecting drug-specific IgE (sIgE).
  • Basophil activation tests (BATs) are vital for identifying drug-sIgE, necessitating assay optimization.
  • Optimizing BATs involves understanding factors influencing basophil responsiveness to sIgE.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate complex factors affecting basophil responsiveness thresholds.
  • To establish rules-of-thumb for expected results in basophil sensitization assays.
  • To refine methods for detecting drug-specific IgE using basophil activation.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed FcεRI receptor expression on basophils using flow cytometry.
  • Sensitized basophils with varying concentrations of penicillin (BPO)-sIgE, incubated with D2O and/or IL-3.
  • Evaluated basophil sensitivity based on FcεRI density, sIgE/total IgE ratios, and responses to stimuli.

Main Results:

  • Optimized conditions (4h sensitization at 4°C with IL-3 and 70% D2O) detected low BPO-sIgE/tIgE ratios (0.02%-0.05%).
  • Maximal anti-IgE response averaged 58%, with FcεRI receptor expression at ~155,000/cell.
  • Detected responses with 0.33% peanut-sIgE and 0.1% cat-sIgE ratios under optimized conditions.

Conclusions:

  • A method for assessing basophil sensitization was established, defining minimum sIgE/tIgE ratios for responsiveness.
  • Key factors influencing basophil activation include FcεRI receptor status, sIgE/tIgE ratios, and D2O/IL-3 effects.
  • Findings provide a foundation for advancing and refining basophil activation functional assays for allergy diagnostics.