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Association Between Environmental Air Pollution and Thyroid Cancer and Nodules: A Systematic Review
Varun Vohra1, Lekha V Yesantharao1, Rachel Stemme1
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association
|November 18, 2024
Summary
Environmental air pollution, including nitric oxides and fine particulate matter, may increase thyroid cancer risk. Further research with standardized methods is needed to confirm these associations.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Oncology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Global thyroid cancer incidence has risen, with environmental pollutants emerging as a potential contributing factor alongside increased detection.
- Understanding the link between air quality and thyroid health is crucial for public health initiatives.
Conclusions:
- An emerging body of evidence suggests a potential link between exposure to certain air pollutants, particularly NOx and PM2.5, and an increased risk of thyroid cancer.
- The current evidence is limited by study design constraints, variability in exposure assessment, and inconsistent adjustment for confounders.
- Standardized research methodologies are essential for future studies to clarify the complex relationship between air pollution and thyroid cancer.
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