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Related Concept Videos

The Micturition Reflex01:26

The Micturition Reflex

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Urination, or micturition involves the coordination of the bladder's detrusor muscle and two sphincters to ensure controlled bladder emptying.
The process begins with bladder filling, where the bladder wall stretches as urine accumulates. This stretching activates the urine storage reflex, mediated by the sacral spinal segments and the pontine storage center. Efferent sympathetic impulses stimulate the detrusor muscle to relax and the internal urethral sphincter to contract, facilitating...
453

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2025

Bladder Smooth Muscle Strip Contractility as a Method to Evaluate Lower Urinary Tract Pharmacology
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Mouse Bladder Smooth Muscle Lack the Functional Active NMDAR.

Zhean Zhan1,2, Zhibin Chen3, Xiaoli Zheng1

  • 1The School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.

Neurourology and Urodynamics
|November 18, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study found no evidence of functional N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) in bladder smooth muscle (BSM). Therefore, NMDARs are unlikely to be the direct target for overactive bladder therapies acting on BSM.

Keywords:
MK‐801N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptorbladderbladder smooth muscleoveractive

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Urology

Background:

  • Overactive bladder (OAB) is a condition impacting bladder smooth muscle (BSM) function.
  • N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are implicated in various physiological processes, but their role in BSM is not well understood.
  • Investigating NMDARs in BSM may reveal novel therapeutic targets for OAB.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the presence and function of NMDARs in bladder smooth muscle (BSM).
  • To assess the potential of NMDARs as therapeutic targets for overactive bladder (OAB).

Main Methods:

  • Myography was used to measure BSM contractile responses to NMDAR modulators.
  • Calcium imaging assessed intracellular calcium ion changes in BSM cells.
  • Single-cell RNA sequencing and immunofluorescence localized NMDAR subunit expression in human and mouse BSM.

Main Results:

  • NMDAR agonists did not affect BSM contraction.
  • NMDAR antagonists exhibited varied effects, with MK-801 enhancing contraction.
  • No NMDAR subunit expression was detected in BSM cells via RNA sequencing or immunofluorescence, although GluN1 was found in pulmonary artery smooth muscle.

Conclusions:

  • Functional NMDARs are absent in bladder smooth muscle (BSM).
  • Therapeutic effects of NMDAR inhibition in overactive bladder (OAB) are unlikely to be mediated directly by BSM.
  • Further research is needed to identify alternative mechanisms and targets for OAB treatment.