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Updated: Jun 7, 2025
Author Spotlight: Exploring Strategies for Successful Immune Response Against Tumors
Published on: August 16, 2024
Research progress and the prospect of using single-cell sequencing technology to explore the characteristics of the
Wenyige Zhang1,2, Xue Zhang2, Feifei Teng3
1Department of Clinical Laboratory, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China.
Abstract:
In precision cancer therapy, addressing intra-tumor heterogeneity poses a significant obstacle. Due to the heterogeneity of each cell subtype and between cells within the tumor, the sensitivity and resistance of different patients to targeted drugs, chemotherapy, etc., are inconsistent. Concerning a specific tumor type, many feasible treatments or combinations can be used by specifically targeting the tumor microenvironment. To solve this problem, it is necessary to further study the tumor microenvironment. Single-cell sequencing techniques can dissect distinct tumor cell populations by isolating cells and using statistical computational methods. This technology may assist in the selection of targeted combination therapy, and the obtained cell subset information is crucial for the rational application of targeted therapy. In this review, we summarized the research and application advances of single-cell sequencing technology in the tumor microenvironment, including the most commonly used single-cell genomic and transcriptomic sequencing, and their future development direction was proposed. The application of single-cell sequencing technology has been expanded to include epigenomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and microbiome analysis. The integration of these different omics approaches has significantly advanced the development of single-cell multiomics sequencing technology. This innovative approach holds immense potential for various fields, such as biological research and medical investigations. Finally, we discussed the advantages and disadvantages of using single-cell sequencing to explore the tumor microenvironment.
Insights
Single-cell sequencing offers a powerful approach to understand tumor microenvironment complexity. This technology aids in developing targeted combination therapies for precision cancer treatment by analyzing diverse cell populations.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Genomics
- Bioinformatics
Background:
- Intra-tumor heterogeneity complicates precision cancer therapy, leading to variable patient responses to treatments.
- Targeting the tumor microenvironment is crucial for effective cancer treatment strategies.
- Understanding cellular diversity within tumors is essential for personalized medicine.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the advancements and applications of single-cell sequencing in exploring the tumor microenvironment.
- To discuss the potential of single-cell multiomics for biological research and medical investigations.
- To evaluate the benefits and limitations of single-cell sequencing for tumor microenvironment analysis.
Main Methods:
- Review of single-cell genomic and transcriptomic sequencing techniques.
- Exploration of emerging single-cell epigenomic, proteomic, metabolomic, and microbiome analyses.
- Discussion on the integration of multi-omics approaches for comprehensive cellular analysis.
Main Results:
- Single-cell sequencing effectively dissects distinct tumor cell populations and their heterogeneity.
- The technology supports the selection of targeted combination therapies by providing crucial cell subset information.
- Integration of multi-omics data enhances the understanding of the tumor microenvironment.
Conclusions:
- Single-cell sequencing is a valuable tool for dissecting tumor heterogeneity and guiding precision cancer therapy.
- The expansion to multi-omics single-cell analysis holds significant promise for future research and clinical applications.
- Careful consideration of the advantages and disadvantages is necessary for optimal application in tumor microenvironment studies.
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