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Related Concept Videos

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...

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Correlations Between Disability Score, Optical Coherence Tomography and Microperimetry in Patients with Multiple

Carla D Guantay1,2, Laura Mena-García1, Miguel Ángel Tola-Arribas3,4

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Microperimetry (MP) and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) objectively measure visual disturbances in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients. These tools enhance the accuracy of assessing MS disability using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS).

Keywords:
expanded disability status scalefixation instabilityneurodegenerative diseasesocular movement anomaliesretinal sensitivity

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Multiple Sclerosis (MS) can cause ocular motility disturbances, impacting patient disability.
  • Accurate assessment of visual impairment is crucial for managing MS and utilizing scales like the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize ocular motility disturbances using Microperimetry (MP) in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients.
  • To identify MP parameters that correlate with disability and improve visual impact assessment on the EDSS scale.
  • To compare MP findings with structural parameters from Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT).

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional, analytical, and correlational case-control study involving 41 MS patients and 15 healthy controls.
  • Ophthalmological evaluation included MP and OCT, measuring parameters like ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness (GCIPL), peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (pRNFL), and MP fixation stability indexes.
  • Data analysis correlated MP and OCT findings with MS disease duration and EDSS scores.

Main Results:

  • MS patients showed significantly reduced GCIPL and pRNFL thickness compared to controls.
  • MP revealed longer examination and reaction times, reduced average macular threshold, and poorer fixation stability in MS patients.
  • EDSS scores correlated with central macular thickness, MP duration, and fixation stability indexes.

Conclusions:

  • Microperimetry and OCT are complementary tools for assessing MS patients.
  • Objective MP measurements of oculomotor dysfunction can improve the accuracy of disability assessment in MS using the EDSS scale.