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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Animal cell division results in a transient intercellular bridge (ICB) connecting nascent sibling cells.
  • Cytokinesis, the final step of cell division, involves ICB constriction.
  • While isolated cells use migration-induced tension for ICB constriction, mechanisms in confined tissues remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms of ICB constriction in Drosophila larval brain neural stem cells (NSCs) during asymmetric division.
  • To elucidate the role of membrane dynamics and actin networks in ICB function within a tissue context.

Main Methods:

  • Super-resolution, full-volume imaging of ICBs in Drosophila NSCs.
  • Functional inhibition of the Arp2/3 complex.

Main Results:

  • Drosophila NSC ICBs exhibit constriction focused on the central midbody.
  • Oscillatory waves in plasma membrane sheets surrounding the ICB pore were observed during formation and constriction.
  • These membrane oscillations are dependent on Arp2/3-mediated branched actin networks.
  • Arp2/3 complex inhibition disrupted membrane oscillations and prevented ICB constriction.

Conclusions:

  • Localized membrane oscillations are crucial for ICB constriction in confined cellular environments where migration-based tension is absent.
  • Arp2/3-dependent actin networks drive these essential membrane dynamics during cell division in tissues.