Nutritional Supplements for Healthy Aging: A Critical Analysis Review
Matthew W Kaufman1,2, Sarah DeParis3, Marily Oppezzo2,4
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Redwood City, CA, USA (MK, MR, MF).
American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine
|November 18, 2024
Summary
Nutritional supplements may help older adults maintain independence and quality of life by addressing age-related issues like muscle loss, sleep problems, and cognitive decline. Further research is ongoing to confirm efficacy for various conditions.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Nutritional Science
- Public Health
Background:
- Healthy aging involves maintaining autonomy, societal engagement, and quality of life in advanced age.
- Sarcopenia, insomnia, cognitive impairment, and sensory changes are significant barriers to healthy aging.
- Nutritional supplements are being investigated for their potential to mitigate these age-related declines.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the efficacy of nutritional supplements in addressing key age-related conditions.
- To provide an updated overview of research on supplements for healthy aging.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and synthesis of existing research on nutritional supplements and age-related conditions.
- Analysis of evidence for supplements targeting sarcopenia, insomnia, cognitive impairment, and sensory changes.
Main Results:
- Protein, creatine, Branched-Chain Amino Acids, and Vitamin D show potential for mitigating sarcopenia in adults over 65.
- Melatonin demonstrates moderate evidence for sleep improvement; valerian root lacks evidence. Magnesium, tart cherry, and kiwifruit show promise for sleep.
- Magnesium, Vitamin D, and B vitamins may improve cognition in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.
- Specific supplements are recommended for age-related macular degeneration, and Alpha-Lipoic Acid and Folate are studied for age-related hearing loss.
Conclusions:
- Nutritional interventions and lifestyle modifications can potentially reduce age-related disabilities.
- Supplements may play a role in promoting healthy aging across multiple domains.
- Further research is needed to solidify recommendations for certain supplements and conditions.
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