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Related Concept Videos

Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques VI01:30

Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques VI

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Adopting a healthier lifestyle often requires overcoming significant challenges, but leveraging psychological, social, and cultural resources can facilitate meaningful change. Effective self-change hinges on understanding and applying key tools such as motivation and goal setting, which help sustain efforts toward long-term health benefits.
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Regular exercise and meditation serve as essential tools in managing stress and promoting physical and mental well-being.
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Stress prevention and management are crucial for maintaining well-being and building resilience. Techniques to manage stress include cultivating qualities like conscientiousness, a sense of personal control, and self-efficacy. Each of these traits significantly reduces stress and promotes healthier lifestyle choices and outcomes.
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Mindfulness-Based Interventions Targeting Modifiable Lifestyle Behaviors Associated With Brain Health: A Systematic

Ryan A Mace1,2, Matthew J Stauder1,3, Sarah W Hopkins1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA (RAM, MJS, SWH, JEC, MOP, AMV).

American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine
|November 18, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) show promise for improving sleep, increasing physical activity, aiding tobacco cessation, and reducing alcohol use in adults. However, more research is needed to confirm their impact on overall brain health.

Keywords:
lifestyle medicinemeta-analysismindfulness meditationrandomized trialssystematic review

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Science
  • Neuroscience
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Lifestyle behaviors significantly influence cognitive function and brain health.
  • Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are increasingly explored for their potential health benefits.
  • Evidence linking MBIs to specific lifestyle behaviors relevant to brain health requires synthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze randomized clinical trials (RCTs) evaluating MBIs for lifestyle behaviors associated with brain health in adults.
  • To assess the efficacy of MBIs in modifying physical activity, sleep, diet, alcohol consumption, tobacco use, and social/mental activities.
  • To evaluate the quality of evidence for MBIs' effects on these lifestyle behaviors.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search across multiple databases (Ovid Medline, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov).
  • Screening of studies using Covidence 2.0, including 79 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of adults (18+).
  • Meta-analysis of data from eligible RCTs focusing on sleep, physical activity, tobacco cessation, and alcohol use.

Main Results:

  • MBIs were associated with reduced sleep disturbance (SMD = -0.53) and increased physical activity (SMD = 0.72).
  • MBIs demonstrated effectiveness in improving tobacco cessation rates (OR = 2.11) and lowering alcohol use (SMD = -0.39).
  • Moderate to high-quality evidence supports MBIs for sleep, physical activity, alcohol use, and tobacco cessation, but heterogeneity was noted.

Conclusions:

  • Mindfulness-based interventions show significant positive effects on key lifestyle behaviors relevant to brain health, including sleep, physical activity, tobacco cessation, and alcohol use.
  • The current evidence base, while moderate to high quality for specific behaviors, has limitations due to heterogeneity and insufficient data on diet, mental activities, and direct cognitive functioning.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the comprehensive impact of MBIs on cognitive functioning and overall brain health.