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Screening corn hybrids for early-stage drought stress tolerance using SPAR phenotyping platform
Ajaz Ahmad Lone1, Shamshir Ul Hussan1, Salah H Jumaa2
1Dryland Agriculture Research Station, Sher e Kashmir University of Agriculture Science & Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar 191132, India.
Breeding Science
|November 18, 2024
Summary
Drought significantly impacts corn hybrids, altering root traits and reducing photosynthesis. However, specific hybrids like DKC-6581 and N61X-3110 exhibit remarkable drought tolerance.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Science
- Plant Physiology
- Genetics
Background:
- Drought stress poses a significant threat to global crop production, particularly for essential crops like corn.
- Understanding genotypic variations in drought response is crucial for developing resilient crop varieties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of drought stress on various physiological and morphological traits in six corn hybrids.
- To identify corn hybrids with superior drought tolerance.
Main Methods:
- A two-factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) was employed using soil-plant-atmosphere-research (SPAR) cubes.
- Corn hybrids were subjected to both drought and irrigated conditions, with four replications.
- Key traits including root characteristics, photosynthetic rate, electron transport rate, and chlorophyll content were measured.
Main Results:
- Significant drought × hybrid interactions were observed for most parameters, indicating differential responses among hybrids.
- Drought stress increased root volume (RV) and root shoot ratio (RSR), while decreasing root tips (NRT), forks (NRF), and crossings (NRC).
- Photosynthetic rate (Phot) and electron transport rate (ETR) declined significantly under drought, showing negative correlations with plant height (PH) and root number (RN).
Conclusions:
- Corn hybrids exhibit varied responses to drought stress, highlighting the importance of genetic selection.
- DKC-6581 and N61X-3110 demonstrated high drought tolerance based on the cumulative drought stress response index (CDSRI).
- The SPAR cube system effectively differentiated treatment effects and hybrid performance under stress.
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