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Location and Orientation of the Heart01:13

Location and Orientation of the Heart

The human heart, despite its modest size and weight, is an organ of remarkable strength and endurance. Roughly the size of a fist, the heart weighs between 250 and 350 grams and is nestled within the mediastinum, the medial cavity of the thorax. It extends obliquely for about 12 to 14 cm, resting on the superior surface of the diaphragm. The heart is positioned anterior to the vertebral column and posterior to the sternum, with two-thirds of its mass lying to the left of the midsternal line.
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Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management

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Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

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Standardized endpoint definitions for trials of transcatheter left atrial appendage closure: a consensus from the Left Atrial Appendage Academic Research Consortium†.

European heart journal·2026
Same author

Life-Threatening Delayed Myocardial Ischemia, Ventricular Arrhythmias, and SCD After PFA of AF: An Extended Case Series.

JACC. Clinical electrophysiology·2026
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Percutaneous left atrial appendage closure following catheter ablation therapy of atrial fibrillation: outcomes stratified by bleeding risk - a sub-analysis of the OPTION study.

Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology·2026
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Distribution of peri-device leaks on transoesophageal echocardiography and cardiac computed tomography after WATCHMAN implantation: a multicentre core-lab analysis.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

The WATCHMAN Left Atrial Appendage Closure Device for Atrial Fibrillation
23:33

The WATCHMAN Left Atrial Appendage Closure Device for Atrial Fibrillation

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Left Atrial Appendage Closure after Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation.

Oussama M Wazni1, Walid I Saliba1, Devi G Nair2

  • 1Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland.

The New England Journal of Medicine
|November 18, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Left atrial appendage closure significantly reduced bleeding events compared to oral anticoagulation after atrial fibrillation ablation. This device-based therapy proved noninferior for preventing stroke and embolism, offering a safer alternative for high-risk patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Interventional Cardiology
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Oral anticoagulation is standard post-atrial fibrillation ablation for stroke risk.
  • Left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) offers a mechanical alternative, but data post-ablation is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the safety and efficacy of LAAC versus oral anticoagulation (OAC) in patients undergoing atrial fibrillation ablation.
  • To evaluate LAAC as an alternative to OAC for stroke prevention in this population.

Main Methods:

  • International randomized trial of 1600 patients with atrial fibrillation and high CHA₂DS₂-VASc scores undergoing catheter ablation.
  • Patients were randomized 1:1 to LAAC or OAC.
  • Primary safety endpoint: non-procedure-related major or clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding (superiority). Primary efficacy endpoint: composite of death, stroke, or systemic embolism (noninferiority).

Main Results:

  • LAAC group (803 patients) showed significantly lower primary safety events (8.5%) vs. OAC group (797 patients, 18.1%; P<0.001).
  • LAAC was noninferior to OAC for the primary efficacy endpoint (5.3% vs. 5.8%; P<0.001).
  • Complications related to LAAC occurred in 23 patients.

Conclusions:

  • Left atrial appendage closure is safer than oral anticoagulation regarding bleeding after atrial fibrillation ablation.
  • LAAC is a noninferior alternative to oral anticoagulation for preventing stroke, death, or systemic embolism in patients post-ablation.