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Strontium-Substituted Nanohydroxyapatite Containing Biodegradable 3D Printed Composite Scaffolds for Bone
Shazia Shaikh1,2, Shreya Mehrotra1,2, Bas van Bochove3,4
1Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|November 18, 2024
Summary
This study developed 3D-printed, patient-specific bone substitutes using strontium-substituted nanohydroxyapatite (SrHA) and poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC). These advanced scaffolds promote significant bone regeneration in large defects.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Orthopedic Engineering
Background:
- Large bone defects pose significant treatment challenges, often limited by autograft availability.
- 3D printing offers a promising approach for creating patient-specific synthetic bone substitutes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and evaluate novel 3D-printed bone substitutes using photocurable composite resins.
- To incorporate biodegradable bioactive strontium-substituted nanohydroxyapatite (SrHA) into a poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) matrix.
- To enhance scaffold functionality with cryogels and bioactive molecules like bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and zoledronic acid (ZA).
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of photocurable PTMC composite resins with SrHA using digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing.
- Incorporation of cryogels and functionalization with BMP and ZA to enhance surface area and bioactivity.
- In vitro biocompatibility testing and in vivo evaluation in rat models with tibial and cranial bone defects.
Main Results:
- 3D-printed scaffolds exhibited porosities (60.1–74.3%) within the range of cancellous bone.
- Incorporation of SrHA and hydroxyapatite (HA) increased mechanical properties (tensile Young's modulus, compressive moduli) and wettability.
- SrHA-integrated scaffolds demonstrated favorable physicochemical and biological properties, promoting bone regeneration and defect repair in vivo.
Conclusions:
- PTMC-SrHA composites are suitable for developing high-surface-area, 3D-printed bone substitutes.
- Functionalization with osteoactive molecules enhances osteoconductivity and osteoinductivity, leading to improved bone regeneration.
- These patient-specific synthetic bone substitutes represent a next-generation solution for treating large bone defects.
