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Association Between Sociodemographic Factors and Self-Reported Diabetic Retinopathy: A Cross-sectional,

Michele Zaman1, Chris Zajner2, Jim Xie3

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Sociodemographic factors significantly impact diabetic retinopathy (DR) prevalence. Addressing social determinants of health is crucial for effective DR screening and care strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Ophthalmology
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss among diabetic patients.
  • Understanding the influence of social determinants of health (SDH) on DR prevalence is vital for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between sociodemographic factors, healthcare access, and self-reported diabetic retinopathy (DR) prevalence.
  • To identify key social determinants of health (SDH) linked to DR in the United States.

Main Methods:

  • Population-based, cross-sectional analysis of the 2017 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS).
  • Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between DR prevalence and SDH among 26,699 participants.
  • Examined factors including health status, disability, employment, geographic region, usual source of care, and sex.

Main Results:

  • 1.0% of participants self-reported a DR diagnosis.
  • Higher DR prevalence was associated with poorer health status, disability, unemployment, and residing in Southern US regions.
  • Conversely, having a usual healthcare provider and being female were negatively associated with self-reported DR.

Conclusions:

  • Multiple sociodemographic factors are significantly associated with self-reported diabetic retinopathy (DR).
  • Healthcare providers and policymakers must consider SDH in developing holistic DR screening and care models.
  • Tailored interventions addressing these factors can improve DR management and outcomes.