[Translated article] Trichotillomania Treatment Update.

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Psychiatry
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Trichotillomania (TTM) is a challenging obsessive-compulsive disorder characterized by recurrent hair pulling, leading to alopecia.
• Current management strategies for TTM often involve a combination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions.
• Patient adherence to treatments like cognitive-behavioral therapy can be a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and illustrate the current treatment modalities available for managing Trichotillomania.
• To highlight emerging and established therapeutic options for TTM.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of current treatment options for TTM.
• Analysis of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions.
• Evaluation of evidence for various treatment efficacies.

Main Results:

• Cognitive-behavioral therapy is a recognized treatment, though not universally adopted.
• Unconventional tools like electronic devices, internet therapies, and microneedling are being explored.
• N-acetylcysteine and memantine are identified as promising first-line therapies due to their safety and efficacy.
• Other medications like fluoxetine, clomipramine, olanzapine, and naltrexone have limited evidence of variable efficacy.

Conclusions:

• The management of TTM requires a multifaceted approach, considering both established and novel therapies.
• N-acetylcysteine and memantine represent favorable first-line treatment options for TTM.
• Further research is needed to solidify the efficacy of other pharmacological agents in TTM treatment.