Management and Long-term Follow-up of Vaginal Rhabdomyosarcoma in a 3-Year-Old Female

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Oncology
• Surgical Oncology
• Gynecologic Oncology

Background:

• Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare soft tissue sarcoma affecting children.
• Vaginal rhabdomyosarcoma represents a specific subtype requiring tailored management.
• Treatment protocols often involve a multimodal approach combining chemotherapy and surgery.

Observation:

• A 3-year-old female presented with a vaginal mass.
• Diagnosis confirmed intermediate risk, stage I, group III vaginal embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma.
• Patient underwent chemotherapy per Children's Oncology Group protocol.

Findings:

• Surgical intervention included initial tumor debulking.
• Partial vaginectomy with vaginal reconstruction was performed post-chemotherapy.
• The patient achieved complete remission with no evidence of disease at 7-year follow-up.

Implications:

• This case highlights the efficacy of combined modality treatment for vaginal embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma.
• Successful surgical reconstruction and long-term surveillance are crucial for favorable outcomes.
• The findings support current treatment guidelines for intermediate-risk pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma.