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Related Concept Videos

Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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Translational Regulation01:29

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Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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Regulated mRNA Transport02:22

Regulated mRNA Transport

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In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing...
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RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
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Detection of RNA-binding Proteins by In Vitro RNA Pull-down in Adipocyte Culture
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Non-coding RNA notations, regulations and interactive resources.

Mengwei Cheng1, Yinhuan Zhu1,2, Han Yu1

  • 1College of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou, 325060, China.

Functional & Integrative Genomics
|November 18, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review introduces a unified notation system for non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and explores their complex interactions. It aims to standardize the study of ncRNAs and their roles in gene regulation.

Keywords:
Bioinformatics resourceInteractomeNon-coding RNANotation

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are increasingly recognized for their roles in gene expression and cellular regulation.
  • Despite extensive research, many ncRNAs' functions remain uncharacterized, highlighting a need for standardized research approaches.
  • The field of ncRNA research is rapidly evolving, requiring continuous development in identification and functional annotation methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a unified notation system for ncRNAs to standardize research.
  • To provide a comprehensive overview of the ncRNA interactome and its molecular associations.
  • To present a web portal, ncRNA Hub, as a centralized resource for ncRNA information and bioinformatics tools.

Main Methods:

  • Historical review of non-coding RNA research.
  • Development of a unified notation system for ncRNAs.
  • Elucidation of the ncRNA interactome through literature synthesis and data integration.
  • Construction of the ncRNA Hub web portal.

Main Results:

  • Over 50 types of ncRNAs have been characterized, each with diverse functions.
  • The ncRNA interactome involves complex associations with DNA, RNA, proteins, complexes, and chromatin.
  • The ncRNA Hub (https://bis.zju.edu.cn/nchub/) provides standardized notations and bioinformatics resources.

Conclusions:

  • A unified framework and notation system are crucial for advancing non-coding RNA research.
  • Understanding the ncRNA interactome is key to deciphering their regulatory roles.
  • The ncRNA Hub serves as a valuable resource for researchers in the field.