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Natural Bioactive Compounds: Emerging Therapies for Hyperuricemia.

Yafei Liu1, Kaifeng Zheng1,2, Huanhuan Wang1

  • 1Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China.

The American Journal of Chinese Medicine
|November 19, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Natural plant compounds can lower uric acid levels by inhibiting its production and promoting excretion. This review explores their potential for treating hyperuricemia and related conditions like gout.

Keywords:
Bioactive CompoundsFlavonoidsHyperuricemiaStilbenesUric Acid TransporterXanthine Oxidase

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology and Therapeutics
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Hyperuricemia, a hallmark of metabolic syndrome, involves elevated uric acid levels leading to crystal deposition and conditions like gout and hyperuricemic nephropathy.
  • Disruptions in uric acid metabolism stem from overproduction, often due to increased xanthine oxidase activity, or reduced renal excretion.
  • Purine nucleotide breakdown is the primary source of uric acid in the human body.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying hyperuricemia.
  • To review bioactive compounds from natural plants exhibiting urate-lowering effects.
  • To discuss the therapeutic potential of these natural compounds for hyperuricemia and its complications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review summarizing the pathophysiology of hyperuricemia.
  • Compilation and analysis of studies on plant-derived bioactive compounds with urate-lowering properties.
  • Discussion of mechanisms including xanthine oxidase inhibition, modulation of urate transport proteins, and anti-inflammatory/antioxidant effects.

Main Results:

  • Natural plant compounds demonstrate diverse mechanisms to reduce uric acid levels.
  • Inhibition of xanthine oxidase activity is a key strategy for reducing uric acid production.
  • Modulation of urate transport proteins enhances uric acid excretion, while anti-inflammatory pathways mitigate associated tissue damage.

Conclusions:

  • Bioactive compounds from natural plants offer promising therapeutic avenues for managing hyperuricemia.
  • Targeting uric acid production and excretion pathways with natural compounds shows significant potential.
  • Further research into these compounds could lead to novel treatments for metabolic syndrome complications.