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Related Concept Videos

The Cochlea01:13

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The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
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Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
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Contralateral Ear in Patients with Chronic Otitis Media.

Kourosh Eftekharian1,2, Ali Eftekharian1,3, Farhad Mokhtarinejad1,3

  • 1Clinical research development unit of Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery : Official Publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India
|November 19, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Bilateral chronic otitis media (COM) is more common in simple tympanic membrane perforations (PTP) than cholesteatomas. Large perforations in one ear do not predict issues in the other ear.

Keywords:
CholesteatomaChronic otitis mediaContralateral earPars tensa perforationTympanic membrane

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Otorhinolaryngology
  • Surgical Pathology

Background:

  • Chronic otitis media (COM) is a persistent middle ear infection.
  • Surgical intervention is common for COM, necessitating evaluation of both ears.
  • Understanding contralateral ear involvement aids in comprehensive patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the prevalence and nature of abnormalities in the contralateral ear of patients undergoing surgery for COM.
  • To compare contralateral ear findings between cholesteatoma and non-cholesteatomatous COM (pars tensa perforation - PTP).

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted across three tertiary hospitals.
  • 228 patients undergoing COM surgery were examined for contralateral ear abnormalities.
  • Oto-microscopic examination was used to identify pathologies.

Main Results:

  • Nearly 50% of patients had normal contralateral ears.
  • Pars tensa perforation (PTP) was more common in females, cholesteatoma in males.
  • Cholesteatoma patients had significantly fewer contralateral perforations (67.4% normal) compared to PTP patients (45.3% normal).
  • Large perforations (>50%) were frequent in the PTP group's contralateral ears.

Conclusions:

  • Bilateral involvement is more characteristic of PTP than cholesteatoma.
  • Tympanic membrane perforation often presents as a large defect.
  • The size of perforation in one ear does not reliably predict contralateral ear pathology.