Fungal Oto-Mastoiditis- A Rare Presentation in Immunocompetent Individuals

Area of Science:

• Otolaryngology
• Mycology
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Fungal oto-mastoiditis is a rare otologic infection.
• It is often linked to compromised host immunity.
• It should be considered in cases unresponsive to antibacterial therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a case of fungal oto-mastoiditis in an immunocompetent patient.
• To highlight the diagnostic challenges and treatment approach.

Main Methods:

• Case presentation of a 23-year-old female with chronic ear discharge.
• Otoscopic examination, pure tone audiometry, tympanometry, exploratory tympanotomy, KOH study, histopathology, and fungal culture.
• Surgical debridement and oral antifungal treatment (Voriconazole).

Main Results:

• Exploratory tympanotomy revealed granulation tissue and fungal debris.
• KOH study confirmed fungal elements; Aspergillus species was isolated.
• Histopathology suggested Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media.
• Postoperative recovery was uneventful with improved hearing.

Conclusions:

• Fungal oto-mastoiditis requires a high index of suspicion for timely diagnosis.
• Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential for favorable outcomes.
• This case emphasizes the possibility of fungal oto-mastoiditis in immunocompetent individuals.