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Frequency Discrimination Training With and Without Game Format to Treat Tinnitus: A Systematic and Meta-Analysis

Hemanth Narayan Shetty1, Sushma Chandrashekar2

  • 1JSS Institute of Speech and Hearing, Mysuru, India.

Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery : Official Publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India
|November 19, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Frequency Discrimination Training (FDT) effectively reduces tinnitus handicap. Integrating FDT with a game format shows a larger effect size in improving tinnitus outcomes.

Keywords:
Discrimination trainingFrequency discriminationPerceptual trainingRandomised clinical trialTinnitus

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Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Tinnitus is a prevalent auditory disorder causing significant distress.
  • Current treatments for tinnitus vary in effectiveness.
  • Frequency Discrimination Training (FDT) is a potential therapeutic approach.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of Frequency Discrimination Training (FDT) for tinnitus.
  • To compare FDT with and without an integrated game format.
  • To assess the impact on tinnitus handicap.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search across multiple databases (Medline, PubMed, Web of Science, etc.) from early 2000 to 2024.
  • Inclusion of non-randomised and randomised clinical trials using validated tinnitus handicap index.
  • Meta-analysis using a random-effects model to calculate effect sizes.

Main Results:

  • Six studies (four non-randomised, two randomised) met inclusion criteria; all rated as good quality.
  • Overall FDT showed a medium effect size (0.5104) in reducing tinnitus handicap.
  • FDT with game integration demonstrated a large effect size (0.90) compared to FDT without game integration (0.473).

Conclusions:

  • Frequency Discrimination Training is effective in reducing tinnitus handicap.
  • Integrating a game format into FDT may enhance its effectiveness.
  • Further research with blinding and follow-up assessments is recommended to strengthen evidence.