Diagnostic electron microscopy in human infectious diseases - Methods and applications.
1Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens (ZBS 4), Advanced Light and Electron Microscopy, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.
Journal of Microscopy
|November 19, 2024
Summary
Diagnostic electron microscopy (EM) remains crucial for identifying pathogens in infectious diseases. This review details essential EM methods and strategies for modern diagnostics, emphasizing knowledge preservation.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Pathology
- Microscopy
Background:
- Diagnostic electron microscopy (EM) is vital for detecting entire pathogens in infectious diseases.
- Its application has shifted from routine to specialized diagnostics and pathogenesis investigation.
- Despite declining case numbers, preserving knowledge of EM methods is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current methods and strategies for diagnostic EM in infectious diseases.
- To address limitations and present improvements in established techniques.
- To provide examples and discuss future trends, including machine learning.
Main Methods:
- Detailed description of negative staining and thin section EM techniques.
- Inclusion of protocols and recent advancements like thin section EM for small volumes.
- Discussion of sample collection, transport, conservation, and inactivation.
Main Results:
- Established EM methods (negative staining, thin section) remain central.
- Improvements and variants enhance diagnostic capabilities for infectious agents.
- Strategies for sample examination and structure recognition are outlined.
Conclusions:
- Diagnostic EM, though evolving, is indispensable for specific infectious disease cases.
- Preserving and updating knowledge on EM techniques is vital.
- Future advancements like AI may support diagnostic EM applications.
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