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Exploring factors influencing COVID-19 severity: a matched case-control study.

G H Mansouri1, F Darjiyani, F Karami Robati

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Comorbidities, age over 30, and non-pregnancy significantly increase the risk of severe COVID-19 in women. Lack of insurance and urban residence also contribute to disease severity, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) poses a significant global health challenge.
  • Data on COVID-19 severity in pregnant women is limited.
  • Understanding risk factors is crucial for epidemic preparedness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate factors influencing COVID-19 severity in hospitalized women.
  • To identify predictors of moderate-to-severe illness in a female patient cohort.
  • To inform strategies for managing future epidemics.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective matched case-control study.
  • Inclusion of 130 female patients hospitalized with COVID-19 (65 severe/moderate, 65 mild).
  • Univariate and multivariable conditional logistic regression analysis.

Main Results:

  • Key predictors of severe COVID-19 included comorbidities (OR=7.8), age over 30, urban residence, lack of insurance, and non-pregnancy.
  • Comorbidities were the strongest predictor of severe disease.
  • Pregnancy status was also a significant factor.

Conclusions:

  • Age, urban residency, insurance status, comorbidities, and pregnancy influence COVID-19 severity in women.
  • Comorbidities represent the most significant risk factor for severe illness.
  • Findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions for vulnerable women.