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Related Concept Videos

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Flagella are specialized, thread-like structures that extend from a bacteria's cell envelope. They play a crucial role in motility and chemotaxis. Their structural organization and functioning exemplify sophisticated biological engineering, enabling bacterial survival and adaptability in diverse environments.Structure of the FlagellumA bacterial flagellum consists of three key components: the filament, the hook, and basal body. The filament, a long, helical structure composed of repeating...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2025

Generation of Null Mutants to Elucidate the Role of Bacterial Glycosyltransferases in Bacterial Motility
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Adapted evolution towards flagellar loss in Pseudomonas syringae.

Jiarong Wang1, Xiaoquan Yu2, Hao Yang3

  • 1High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, PR China.

Microbiological Research
|November 19, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Bacterial flagella, essential for motility, can be lost through evolution. This study shows Pseudomonas syringae loses flagella due to high costs and beneficial "hitchhiking" traits, driven by mutations in key genes.

Keywords:
Adapted evolutionFlagellar lossHitchhikingPseudomonas syringaeSwarming motility

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The flagellum is a complex molecular machine vital for bacterial cell motility.
  • Flagellar assembly involves over 50 genes regulated by FleQ, a key transcription activator.
  • Evolutionary loss of flagella in bacteria is observed, but mechanisms are poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the evolutionary dynamics of flagellar gene expression in Pseudomonas syringae DC3000.
  • To identify genetic mutations and evolutionary pressures contributing to flagellar loss.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative proteomics to analyze flagellar gene expression changes.
  • Whole-genome sequencing to detect adaptive mutations.
  • Analysis of bacterial motility and cell interactions.

Main Results:

  • Prolonged serial passages led to reduced flagellar gene expression in P. syringae.
  • Adaptive mutations were identified in fleQ, dksA, and glnE, genes involved in flagellar biosynthesis.
  • Nonmotile cells exhibited enhanced 'hitchhiking' on motile cells, potentially via syringafactin production.

Conclusions:

  • High metabolic costs of flagellar biosynthesis drive degenerative evolution.
  • Advantageous hitchhiking behaviors can facilitate the loss of flagella in bacterial populations.
  • Mutations in regulatory and biosynthetic genes contribute to flagellar loss.